The Attitude Indicator is an airborne gyroscopic device used in aviation to determine and display the roll and pitch angles of an aircraft, that is, the orientation angles relative to the true vertical. The device is used by the pilot to control and stabilize the aircraft in the air.
This device is essential for instrument flight (IFR) rights, but little is used for visual flight (VFR) rights, except in extreme cases when the pilot loses spatial orientation.
According to the principle of indication of the roll and pitch angles, the attitude Indicators are distinguished into “view from the aircraft to the ground” (direct, VfA) and “view from the ground to the aircraft” (reverse, VfG).
Characteristics of attitude indicators :
| |
AGK-47 |
AGI-1 |
AGB-2 |
AGB-3 |
AGB-96 |
AGB-98 |
| Roll indication type |
VfG / return |
VfA / direct |
VfA / direct |
VfG / return |
VfA / direct |
VfA / direct |
| Local type sensor installation |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
| Display range roll, deg. |
± 95 |
± 180 |
± 80 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
| Working pitch angles, hail. |
± 85 |
± 90 |
± 60 |
± 80 |
± 85 |
± 85 |
| Ready time, min |
3 |
3 |
3 |
01.Тра |
2 |
2 |
| Error indications roll, deg. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 (at corners up to 30 deg) |
1,5 |
1,5 |
| Error pitch readings, hail. |
1 |
1 |
1 |
2 (at the corners more than 30 degrees) |
1,5 |
1,5 |
| Dimensions, mm |
n.d. |
120 x120 x170 |
n.d. |
119.5 x119.5x234 |
105 x105 x250 |
85 x85 x250 |
| Weight, kg |
2,2 |
2,6 |
2 |
4,2 |
2,5 |
2,5 |
| Applications |
An-2, Li-2, IL-14, Ka-26, Mi-2, Mi-4, Mi-6, Mi-10 |
Yak-18A, MiG-15, MiG-17, MiG-19, Su-7, Yak-52, An-28 |
Tu-104, An-10 |
Yak-40, Il-62, Mi-8 |
Tu-204/214, IL-96 |
Ka-226 |
| |
| |
AGD-1 |
AGR-144 |
AGR-29 |
AGR-81 |
AGR-72 |
AGR-74 |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Roll indication type |
VfG / return |
VfA / direct |
VfG / return |
VfG / return |
VfA / direct |
VfA / direct |
| Local type sensor installation |
distance |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
autonomous. |
| Display range roll, deg. |
± 180 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
± 180 |
| Working pitch angles, hail. |
± 90 |
± 90 |
± 90 |
± 90 |
± 85 |
± 85 |
| Ready time, min |
2 |
2 |
2 |
|
3 |
3 |
| Error indications roll, deg. |
0,25 |
1,5 (at angles more than 30 degrees) |
1,5 |
|
1,5 |
1,5 |
| Error pitch readings, hail. |
0,2 |
2,5 (at angles more than 30 degrees) |
1,5 |
|
1,5 |
1,5 |
| Dimensions, mm |
110 x110 x195 |
n.d. |
105 x105 x250 |
|
|
|
| Weight, kg |
7 gyro sensor, 2.6 indicator |
4,5 |
3,5 |
|
2,5 |
2,5 |
| Applications |
Yak-18T, L-29, L-39, An-12, An-24, Tu-134 |
Tu-144 |
Yak-52M, Yak-152 |
Ka-50 |
Tu-154, IL-86 |
An-28, An-38, An-72, An-74, An-124, Tu-154M, Mi-34, Ka-32 |
